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Evolution and Speciation in Plants

Evolution and Speciation in Plants

Plants are autotrophs and sessile while animals are heterotrophs and motile. Sessility has imposed on plants 94% hermaphroditism 23% selfing 3% polyploidization and 39% clonality in comparison to < 5% herma-phroditism < 1% selfing and 2% clonality in motile animals. Whereas plants consist of 374 000 species but 1 664 variety/species animals comprise 1 543 196 species and 210 variety/species. Hence plants have undergone variety diversity while animals have species diversity. In animals and plants the species ratio is reduced from 4. 1 animals : 1. 0 plant to 1. 4 for pollinating animals : 1. 0 pollinated plants. In pollination animals are benefited dietarily but plants are cross pollinated generating new gene combinations – the raw material for evolution and speciation. For the reduced species diversity in plants reasons are traced to 90% hermaphroditism ~ 23% selfing and 39% clonality. Clonality decreases from 100% in 6-7 tissue typed sponges and 3 tissue typed algae drastically to 0. 7% in 60 tissue typed worms but gradually to ~ 23% in 60 tissued typed angiosperms. About 12-15 5-8 and 77-80% of all animal and plant species are distributed in marine freshwater and terrestrial habitats respectively. Animals have conserved the ‘right’ sequence of gametogenesis but plants have gone through a ‘wrong’ sequence prior to settling with right one albeit with double fertilization in angiosperms. Both animals and plants are 80% male heterogametics. Only 0. 5% of them can afford semelparity. While 20 and 57% angiosperms are perennial trees and herbs annual herbs make up 23% only. In all of them 85 > 19 and < 1% are pollinated by fast flying animals wind and water respectively. Increasing pollen load enhances fruit- and seed-set. In contrast to animals the life cycle of plants is direct but complicated. Unlike animals plants have greatly contributed to weathering of rocks and the atmospheric gas composition during the geological past. From dormant spores and seeds of plants life can be restored after thousands of years. | Evolution and Speciation in Plants

GBP 160.00
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Changing Orders in International Economic Law Volume 1 A Japanese Perspective

Math Workshop in Action Strategies for Grades K-5

Optimization in Industry Volume 1 Optimization Techniques

Optimization in Industry Volume 1 Optimization Techniques

As optimization techniques have developed a gap has arisen between the people devising the methods and the people who actually need to use them. Research into methods is necessarily long-term and located usually in academic establishments; whereas the application of an optimization technique normally in an industrial environment has to be justified financially in the short term. The gap is probably inevitable; but there is no need for textbooks to reflect it. Teaching of optimization techniques separately from their connection with applications is pointless. This book gives a detailed exposition of the techniques. In this first volume T. A. J. Nicholson demonstrates the full range of techniques available to the practitioner for the solution of varying problems. For each technique the background reasoning behind its development is explained in simple terms; where helpful it is supported by a geometrical argument; and the iterative algorithm for finding the optimum is defined clearly. These steps enable the reader not only to see plainly what is happening in the method but also to reach a level of understanding necessary to write computer programs for optimization techniques. Problems are tackled in the same way-by searching a feasible region for an optimum. This approach helps the reader to develop the most essential of all skills-selecting appropriate techniques for different circumstances. The numerous worked examples in the text supported by worked solutions and the exercises at the end of the chapters are important aids to learning and to teachers. This book serves as an introduction to optimization techniques for students as well as a reference work for the practitioner in business and industry. | Optimization in Industry Volume 1 Optimization Techniques

GBP 130.00
1

Behavioral Primatology Advances in Research and Theory Volume 1

Advances in Distance Learning in Times of Pandemic

Advances in Distance Learning in Times of Pandemic

The book Advances in Distance Learning in Times of Pandemic is devoted to the issues and challenges faced by universities in the field of distance learning in COVID-19 times. It covers both the theoretical and practical aspects connected to distance education. It elaborates on issues regarding distance learning its challenges assessment by students and their expectations the use of tools to improve distance learning and the functioning of e-learning in the industry 4. 0 and society 5. 0 eras. The book also devotes a lot of space to the issues of Web 3. 0 in university e-learning quality assurance and knowledge management. The aim and scope of this book is to draw a holistic picture of ongoing online teaching-activities before and during the lockdown period and present the meaning and future of e-learning from students’ points of view taking into consideration their attitudes and expectations as well as industry 4. 0 and society 5. 0 aspects. The book presents the approach to distance learning and how it has changed especially during a pandemic that revolutionized education. It highlights • the function of online education and how that has changed before and during the pandemic. • how e-learning is beneficial in promoting digital citizenship. • distance learning characteristic in the era of industry 4. 0 and society 5. 0. • how the era of industry 4. 0 treats distance learning as a desirable form of education. The book covers both scientific and educational aspects and can be useful for university-level undergraduate postgraduate and research-grade courses and can be referred to by anyone interested in exploring the diverse aspects of distance learning.

GBP 110.00
1

The Laboratory of Progress Switzerland in the Nineteenth Century Volume 1

Learning as Interactivity Movement Growth and Becoming Volume 1 Ecologies of Learning in Higher Education

Learning as Interactivity Movement Growth and Becoming Volume 1 Ecologies of Learning in Higher Education

The two inter-linked volumes in this series are dedicated to the development of analysis and theorisation of learning and teaching in higher education. The two volumes focus on the multi-scalar ecological inter-connectedness of learners with teachers with artefacts with cultural patterns and resources with places with social activities and practices with social institutions with time and temporality and with technologies. Learning reflects inter-individual dynamics that are shaped by biology and culture. Against prevailing orthodoxies that view learning in higher education in terms of information transmission and content delivery the contributors articulate leading developments in distributed cognition distributed language ecological psychology enactivist and embodied-embedded cognitive science interactivity and multimodal event analysis. They also extend several earlier traditions such as American pragmatism embodied curriculum theory and Vygotsky's latter day anti-dualist Spinozan turn. Through detailed empirical analysis of in vivo episodes of learning using multimodal event analysis cognitive event analysis and cutting-edge theory the authors show how and why learning is not adequately explainable as internal mental processes per se. Instead sophisticated empirical analysis and innovative theory are put to work to reveal the emergence of learning in the interactivity of learners and teachers with the affordances of a distributed brain-body-environment learning system. Volume 1 is an edited collection of seven chapters written by internationally renowned researchers together with an Introduction and an Afterword written by King and Thibault. Volume 1 (and its successor Volume 2) will serve as valuable reading for educationalists and researchers in the cognitive communication learning and language sciences who are looking for new multidimensional tools for thinking about and new empirical tools for analysing learning and teaching as multi-scalar interactive processes in radical embodied ecologies of learning and teaching. | Learning as Interactivity Movement Growth and Becoming Volume 1 Ecologies of Learning in Higher Education

GBP 130.00
1

Southern European Challenger Parties against the Mainstream Podemos SYRIZA and MoVimento 5 Stelle in Comparative Perspective

Academia and Trade The Numismatic World in the Long Nineteenth Century Volume 1

The Dawn of Agriculture and the Earliest States in Genesis 1-11

The Dawn of Agriculture and the Earliest States in Genesis 1-11

This book invites a close textual encounter with the first 11 chapters of Genesis as an intimate drama of marginalised peoples wrestling with the rise of the world’s first grain states in the Mesopotamian alluvium. The initial 11 chapters of Genesis are often considered discordant and fragmentary despite being a story of beginnings within the context of the Bible. Readers discover how these formative chapters cohere as a cross-generational account of peoples grappling with the hegemonic spread of domesticated grain production and the concomitant rise of the pristine states of Mesopotamia. The book reveals how key episodes from the Genesis narrative reflect major societal revolutions of the Neolithic period in Mesopotamia through a three-fold hermeneutical method: literary analysis of the Bible and contemporary cuneiform texts; modern scholarship from archaeological anthropological ecological and historical sources; and relevant exegesis from the Second Temple and rabbinical era. These three strands entwine to recount a generally sequential story of the earliest archaic states as narrated by non-elites at the margins of these emerging state spaces. The Dawn of Agriculture and the Earliest States in Genesis 1–11 provides a fascinating reading of the first 11 chapters of Genesis appealing to students and scholars of the Hebrew Bible and the Near East as well as those working on ecological injustice from a religious vantage point. | The Dawn of Agriculture and the Earliest States in Genesis 1-11

GBP 130.00
1

Advances in Energy Environment and Chemical Engineering Volume 1 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Energy Env

Advances in Energy Environment and Chemical Engineering Volume 1 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Energy Env

Advances in Energy Environment and Chemical Engineering collects papers resulting from the conference on Energy Environment and Chemical Engineering (AEECE 2022) Dali China 24-26 June 2022. The primary goal is to promote research and developmental activities in energy technology environment engineering and chemical engineering. Moreover it aims to promote scientific information interchange between scholars from the top universities business associations research centers and high-tech enterprises working all around the world. The conference conducts in-depth exchanges and discussions on relevant topics such as energy engineering environment technology and advanced chemical technology aiming to provide an academic and technical communication platform for scholars and engineers engaged in scientific research and engineering practice in the field of saving technologies environmental chemistry clean production and so on. By sharing the research status of scientific research achievements and cutting-edge technologies it helps scholars and engineers all over the world comprehend the academic development trend and broaden research ideas. So as to strengthen international academic research academic topics exchange and discussion and promote the industrialization cooperation of academic achievements. | Advances in Energy Environment and Chemical Engineering Volume 1 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Energy Env

GBP 110.00
1

Cities Citizenship and Jews in France and the United States 1905–2022 (Volume 1)

Bioremediation and Phytoremediation Technologies in Sustainable Soil Management Volume 1: Fundamental Aspects and Contaminated Sites

Bioremediation and Phytoremediation Technologies in Sustainable Soil Management Volume 1: Fundamental Aspects and Contaminated Sites

This 4-volume set focuses on the use of microbial bioremediation and phytoremediation to clean up pollutants in soil such as pesticides petroleum hydrocarbons metals and chlorinated solvents which reduce the soil's fertility and renders it unfit for plant growth. Volume 1: Fundamental Aspects and Contaminated Sites begins with an overview of phytoremediation and the role of environmental factors. It goes on to introduce soil assessment techniques and offers methods of remediation designed to combat soil and agricultural degradation. It discusses soils contaminated by heavy metals; microbial and phytoremediation-based removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from coal crude oil and gasoline; microbial bioremediation and amelioration of pesticide-contaminated soils; phytoremediation techniques for biomedical waste contaminated sites; as well as biomediation processes for human waste sites. Biopesticides are also explained as an alternative to conventional pesticides. Other volumes in the 4-volume set:• Volume 2: Microbial Approaches and Recent Trends• Volume 3: Inventive Techniques Research Methods and Case Studies• Volume 4: Degradation of Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls Together these four volumes provide in-depth coverage of the mechanisms advantages and disadvantages of the bioremediation and phytoremediation technologies for safe and sustainable soil management. | Bioremediation and Phytoremediation Technologies in Sustainable Soil Management Volume 1: Fundamental Aspects and Contaminated Sites

GBP 131.00
1

Handbook of Obesity - Volume 1 Epidemiology Etiology and Physiopathology

Handbook of Obesity - Volume 1 Epidemiology Etiology and Physiopathology

The fifth edition of Volume 1 of Handbook of Obesity written by global experts covers the basic science aspects under the broad topic areas of epidemiology etiology and pathophysiology of obesity. Divided into 5 sections and detailed in 66 chapters this edition covers the important advances occurring over the past decades. With a focus on science of obesity and factors participating in the etiology of obesity this topic is studied from biological behavioural and environmental perspectives. Volume 1 is structured into 5 parts: Part 1 focuses on the history definitions and prevalence of the obesity. It identifies the historical references to excess weight obesity in art and literature direct and surrogate measurements of adiposity and obesity related traits epidemiology of obesity around the globe and age sex and ethnic variation completes this part of the volume Part 2 explains the biological determinants of obesity. It explains the bioenergetics energy dissipation mechanisms and exposure to experimental overfeeding genetic and epigenetic evidence metabolic rates energy expenditure and energy partitioning and the evidence on infections and adiposity Part 3 describes the behavioral determinants of obesity. It deals with chapters related to food beverages and ingestive behavior dealing with smoking breast-feeding and sleep duration and pattern and sedentary behavior occupational work and leisure-time physical activity and obesity Part 4 comprises of chapters explaining the environmental social and cultural determinants of obesity. The chapters in this section focus on the role of agriculture and the food industry in the current obesity epidemic social and economic aspects of obesity and ethnic and cultural differences and environmental pollutants Part 5 of this volume discusses the health consequences of obesity. The chapters address important topics such obesity and heart disease lipoprotein metabolism insulin resistance and diabetes metabolic syndrome cancer hepatic biology pulmonary functions and arthritis and gout mental health and quality of life growth and health disorders in pediatric populations and on bias and discrimination affecting the obese persons. | Handbook of Obesity - Volume 1 Epidemiology Etiology and Physiopathology

GBP 150.00
1

Instant Vegas 5

Unifying Themes In Complex Systems Volume 1 Proceedings Of The First International Conference On Complex Systems

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi For Nutrient Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management in Rice

Developments in Lymphoid Cell Biology

Dialogues in Middle Level Education Research Volume 1 Insights from the AMLE New Directions 2020 Roundtable Discussions

Dialogues in Middle Level Education Research Volume 1 Insights from the AMLE New Directions 2020 Roundtable Discussions

Mirroring the roundtable discussions conducted at the 2020 Association for Middle Level Education (AMLE) conference this volume highlights the dialogic knowledge-building process critical to advancing middle level teaching and research. Launching the new AMLE Innovations in Middle Level Education Research series this collection captures the synergetic dialogue that occurs during professional meetings by collating and centering five recent studies on topics such as mathematics achievement personalized and project-based learning and teacher collaboration. A companion essay and critical external response accompanies each study serving to re-situate original research and reconsider findings in view of professional insights and external critique gained through discussion at AMLE 2020. Ultimately these response essays foreground potential avenues for future research and alternative thinking laying the groundwork for implementation of critical discussion in the classroom environment. This text will benefit researchers doctoral students and academics in the fields of middle level education educational research and specifically research methods in education. Those interested in teaching and learning and adolescent development more broadly will also benefit from this volume. | Dialogues in Middle Level Education Research Volume 1 Insights from the AMLE New Directions 2020 Roundtable Discussions

GBP 130.00
1

Experiments in Moral and Political Philosophy

Experiments in Moral and Political Philosophy

This volume presents new research on the use of experimental methodologies in moral and social philosophy. The contributions reflect the growing plurality of methodologies and strategies for implementing experimental work on morality to new domains problems and topics. Philosophers are exploring the ways in which empirical approaches can transform our idea of the good our understanding of the social nature of norms and morality and our methods of fulfilling ethical goals. The chapters in this volume extend experimental work on morality to previously underexplored areas. The contributions in Part 1 explore the methods and foundations of experimental work in areas such as folk moral judgments metaethical beliefs moral explanations and reflective equilibrium. Part 2 focuses on issues in normative ethics and legal and political philosophy such as virtue ethics utilitarianism theories of justice and criminal responsibility. Finally the chapters in Part 3 tackle various applied ethical issues including feminist X-Phi animal welfare experimental bioethics and self-driving cars. Experiments in Moral and Political Philosophy will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in ethics applied ethics experimental philosophy social and political philosophy and philosophy of law. Chapter 1 and 15 of this book are available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www. taylorfrancis. com. They have been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4. 0 license.

GBP 130.00
1